研究发现柠条锦鸡儿中富含绿原酸、香草酸、咖啡酸、迷迭香酸等多种酚酸

　　2017年3月14日，《Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis》在线发表了题为Synchronous determination with double-wavelength by RP-HPLC-UV and optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of phenolic acids from Caragana species using response surface methodology的研究论文，发现柠条锦鸡儿中富含绿原酸、香草酸、咖啡酸、迷迭香酸等多种酚酸。 

　　柠条锦鸡儿(Caragana korshinskii Kom.)属于豆科锦鸡儿属多年生落叶灌木，主要分布于东欧和亚洲，其中我国有60种左右，主产西北、华北、西南的干旱地区，青海产20种，包括3个变种和1个变型。近年来，国内外对柠条锦鸡儿的研究主要集中在其生理生态作用、饲料开发利用、能源及药理等方面。众所周知，柠条锦鸡儿作为西北干旱地区退耕还林的主要树种之一，其种植面积广，资源丰富，具有广阔的开发利用空间。 

　　利用四因素三水平的Box-Behnken实验设计对柠条锦鸡儿叶中酚酸的提取工艺进行了优化，得到最佳提取工艺条件：提取温度30 °C，提取时间90 min，甲醇浓度55%，料液比1 : 30 (g/mL)。在优化提取条件下，利用HPLC-UV建立了双波长同时检测酚酸的方法对柠条锦鸡儿各部位样品中酚酸含量进行了分析，同时对其总多酚和总黄酮进行了测定。结果发现柠条锦鸡儿中富含多种酚酸，主要为绿原酸、香草酸、咖啡酸和迷迭香酸，且总酚酸含量在叶中较花和枝皮高，含量高达739.50 ± 20.74 µg/g；柠条锦鸡儿叶中总黄酮的含量最高，达21.71 ± 0.45 µg/g，花次之，枝皮中最低；而总多酚的含量花中最高达22.84 ± 1.36 µg/g，叶次之，枝皮中最低。 

　　Abstract: The utilization of Caragana korshinskii Kom. (CK) is currently concentrated on its ecological and fuel functions. Little attention has been devoted to the analysis of their phenolic acid (PA) components. To obtain more data for further utilization of CK, a new analysis protocol was tested to determine PAs synchronously by RP-HPLC-UV with double-wavelength (280 nm and 320 nm) detection. Specifically, separation of PA components was performed on a Hypersil Gold C₁₈ reverse phase column with gradient elution. A four-factor-three-level Box-Behnken design was implemented for optimization of PA extraction. The results demonstrated that CK were rich primarily in chlorogenic acid, vanillic acid, caffeic acid and rosmarinic acid. The total content of PAs in CK leaves was the highest compared with its other parts. The distribution of total flavonoid content of CK was leaves > flowers > bark, while that of the total phenolic content of CK was flowers > leaves > bark.